Short definition

Backup — a separate, recoverable copy of data and configuration used to restore a website after data loss, an error or an attack.

Also known as: website backup.

A backup is useful only if you can use it to restore the right version. Copying files is not enough if the database, uploads, settings or external configuration are missing.

How does a backup work?

Backups should be created on a fixed schedule, encrypted and stored securely, and retained according to a documented policy. At least one copy should be kept outside the hosting environment it protects. A restore test verifies that files are readable, the instructions are correct and the expected recovery time is realistic.

What does this mean for a small business?

First decide how much data loss is acceptable and how long the site may be offline. An informational static site can often be rebuilt from Git; form submissions or online-store orders need separate database backups. Do not blindly trust a “daily backup” label without knowing where the copy is stored or how long it is retained.

What makes a backup reliable?

  • include all files, data and necessary configuration;
  • keep a copy outside the system it protects;
  • protect backup copies with appropriate access controls;
  • test a documented restore procedure regularly;

How it relates to other website choices

Website maintenance includes checking that backups continue to run. A web hosting provider may offer backups, but the business still needs to know how to request or perform a full restore.