Short definition
Canonical URL — the preferred page URL declared in a canonical link when the same or very similar content is available at multiple addresses.
Also known as: rel="canonical", canonical link.
A canonical URL helps search engines consolidate signals from duplicate or near-identical URLs. The page declares its preferred address in a link element in the document head.
How does a canonical URL work?
Canonicals are a strong signal, but not an absolute command. Internal links and sitemap entries should use the preferred URL, and redirects should lead to it. If a page has moved permanently, a redirect is usually clearer. Search engines may ignore a canonical that points to substantially different content.
What does this mean for a small business?
Duplicate URLs arise from parameters, filters, print versions, old routes, or variants with and without a trailing slash. The simplest approach for a small site is consistency: one public URL per page and permanent redirects for old addresses. Always check the generated HTML after a migration.
How should you configure canonical URLs?
- use absolute, correctly formed preferred URLs;
- make every indexable page point either to itself or to a page with matching main content;
- keep sitemap entries and internal links aligned with the canonical;
- use redirects for URL variants that should no longer be accessible;
How it relates to other website choices
A canonical supports SEO. The page URL used in structured data should match it. A canonical does not repair content that was unintentionally copied onto multiple standalone pages.
Source and further reading
Google Search Central’s guide to canonical URLs explains how Google combines canonical signals.